{"id":979,"date":"2022-10-23T18:44:41","date_gmt":"2022-10-23T13:14:41","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/?p=979"},"modified":"2025-10-22T14:53:53","modified_gmt":"2025-10-22T09:23:53","slug":"learnings-from-m-tech-software-systems-semester-1-mid-terms-bits-pilani","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2022\/10\/learnings-from-m-tech-software-systems-semester-1-mid-terms-bits-pilani\/","title":{"rendered":"Learnings from M.Tech. Software Systems &#8211; Semester 1 &#8211; Mid Terms @ BITS Pilani"},"content":{"rendered":"\n<p>Learnings from M.Tech. Software Systems &#8211; Semester 1 &#8211; Mid Terms @ BITS Pilani. Listing down important concepts from Semester 1 for benefit of students elsewhere.<\/p>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Data Structures &amp; Algorithms Design:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Time complexity and its generalization for algorithms<\/li><li>Standardization for various types of algorithms to build pseudo code and find time complexity from it<\/li><li>Various types of data structures &amp; their standardization \/ representation for programming<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Distributed Computing:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Distributed vs. Parallel systems<\/li><li>Various architectures for distributed systems<\/li><li>Von Neumann vs. Harvard architecture<\/li><li>Omega networks<\/li><li>Vector vs. scalar clocks and various techniques around it<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Databases:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>Representation of queries and architecture of database layers<\/li><li>ERD &amp; EERD<\/li><li>Theoretical foundation for databases<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p><strong>Embedded systems:<\/strong><\/p>\n\n\n\n<ul class=\"wp-block-list\"><li>ARM architecture &amp; Micro-controller basics<\/li><li>Basics of assembly programming<\/li><li>Various tools for the ARM simulation<\/li><li>Interrupts, registers, modes and various interfaces for ARM systems<\/li><\/ul>\n\n\n\n<p>Email me: Neil@HarwaniSystems.in<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Learnings from M.Tech. Software Systems &#8211; Semester 1 &#8211; Mid Terms @ BITS Pilani. Listing down important concepts from Semester [&hellip;]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":2,"featured_media":980,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"nf_dc_page":"","site-sidebar-layout":"default","site-content-layout":"","ast-site-content-layout":"default","site-content-style":"default","site-sidebar-style":"default","ast-global-header-display":"","ast-banner-title-visibility":"","ast-main-header-display":"","ast-hfb-above-header-display":"","ast-hfb-below-header-display":"","ast-hfb-mobile-header-display":"","site-post-title":"","ast-breadcrumbs-content":"","ast-featured-img":"","footer-sml-layout":"","ast-disable-related-posts":"","theme-transparent-header-meta":"","adv-header-id-meta":"","stick-header-meta":"","header-above-stick-meta":"","header-main-stick-meta":"","header-below-stick-meta":"","astra-migrate-meta-layouts":"default","ast-page-background-enabled":"default","ast-page-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-5)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"ast-content-background-meta":{"desktop":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"tablet":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""},"mobile":{"background-color":"var(--ast-global-color-4)","background-image":"","background-repeat":"repeat","background-position":"center center","background-size":"auto","background-attachment":"scroll","background-type":"","background-media":"","overlay-type":"","overlay-color":"","overlay-opacity":"","overlay-gradient":""}},"jetpack_post_was_ever_published":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_access":"","_jetpack_dont_email_post_to_subs":false,"_jetpack_newsletter_tier_id":0,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paywalled_content":false,"_jetpack_memberships_contains_paid_content":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[238],"tags":[239],"class_list":["post-979","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-bits-pilani","tag-m-tech-software-systems"],"jetpack_featured_media_url":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/10\/IdeasAndLearnings.png?fit=1280%2C986&ssl=1","jetpack_sharing_enabled":true,"jetpack_shortlink":"https:\/\/wp.me\/p7do02-fN","jetpack-related-posts":[{"id":1014,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2023\/01\/data-structures-algorithms-keywords-plus-notes-part-1\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":0},"title":"Data Structures &amp; Algorithms Keywords plus Notes &#8211; Part 1","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"January 1, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Keywords from my learnings in Data Structures & Algorithms Design subject from Semester 1 - M.Tech. BITS Pilani: Pseudocode Definition of algorithms Models for time complexity Primitive operations Notations Correctness of algorithms Recursive algorithms Elementary data structures: Stacks, Queues, Lists Nonlinear data structures: Trees, Binary Trees, Heaps Dictionaries Algorithm design:\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Data Structures &amp; Algorithm Design&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Data Structures &amp; Algorithm Design","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/category\/data-structures-algorithm-design\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Credit: www.Pixabay.com","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/algorithm-g4686ef105_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/algorithm-g4686ef105_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/algorithm-g4686ef105_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/algorithm-g4686ef105_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/01\/algorithm-g4686ef105_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1061,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2023\/05\/some-unique-courses-for-working-professionals-in-india-post-liberalization-reforms-in-education-part-1\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":1},"title":"Some unique courses for working professionals in India post liberalization \/ reforms in education &#8211; Part 1","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"May 7, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Here with I am providing a list of unique courses that I have observed in India post liberalization \/ reforms in education. Most are online \/ work integrated or distance learning - this is Part 1 of the list for working professionals: PGC IISc from TalentSprint -\u00a0Deep Tech Expertise for\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Education","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/category\/education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Credits: www.Pixabay.com","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/books.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/books.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/books.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/books.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/05\/books.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1009,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2022\/12\/thank-you-2022-welcome-2023\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":2},"title":"Thank you 2022, Welcome 2023","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"December 31, 2022","format":false,"excerpt":"Things are never perfect - we face many challenges (this is not the platform to discuss problems though) but there are many things to be thankful for. Here is my list of 2022 for which I am grateful. Liferay for giving me the opportunity to work directly with products. This\u2026","rel":"","context":"In \"Happy New 2023\"","block_context":{"text":"Happy New 2023","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/tag\/happy-new-2023\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Credit: www.Pixabay.com","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fireworks-g6f95f2988_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C751&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fireworks-g6f95f2988_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C751&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fireworks-g6f95f2988_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C751&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fireworks-g6f95f2988_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C751&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/12\/fireworks-g6f95f2988_1920.jpg?fit=1200%2C751&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":336,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2018\/08\/universities-colleges-offering-courses-degrees-in-analytics-data-science-in-india-part-1\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":3},"title":"Universities &#038; Colleges offering courses &#038; degrees in Analytics \/ Data Science in India &#8211; Part 1","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"August 14, 2018","format":false,"excerpt":"BITS Pilani - Offering MSc in Analytics, MTech in Computer Science with specialization in Analytics IIM Calcutta, ISI Kolkata & IIT Kharagpur - PG Diploma in Business Analytics Great Lakes, Chennai - PGP in Analytics IIIT Bangalore - PGP in Analytics via UpGrad XLRI - Executive Program in Data Science\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Analytics&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Analytics","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/category\/analytics\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Analytics-3.png?fit=1200%2C1047&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Analytics-3.png?fit=1200%2C1047&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Analytics-3.png?fit=1200%2C1047&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Analytics-3.png?fit=1200%2C1047&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2018\/08\/Analytics-3.png?fit=1200%2C1047&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1038,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2023\/03\/since-the-last-few-years-5-to-10-years-there-has-been-an-exponential-growth-in-executive-education-courses-and-market-across-india-herewith-i-am-compiling-some-of-the-good-options-for-executive-ed\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":4},"title":"List of good executive education programs in India &#8211; Part 1","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"March 5, 2023","format":false,"excerpt":"Since the last few years (5 to 10 years) there has been an exponential growth in executive education courses and market across India. Herewith, I am compiling some of the good options for executive education in India - Part 1. ISB Executive Education Continuing & Executive Education (ahduni.edu.in) IIMA ExecEd\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Education&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Education","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/category\/education\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Credit: www.Pixabay.com","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Education.png?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Education.png?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Education.png?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Education.png?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2023\/03\/Education.png?fit=1200%2C825&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]},{"id":1452,"url":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/2025\/06\/common-technical-challenges-in-software-engineering-grouped-by-category-part-1-collated-from-ai\/","url_meta":{"origin":979,"position":5},"title":"Common technical challenges in software engineering, grouped by category &#8211; Part 1 (Collated from AI)","author":"Neil Harwani","date":"June 1, 2025","format":false,"excerpt":"Here are common technical challenges in software engineering, grouped by category, that developers and architects frequently face: 1. Scalability Horizontal vs vertical scaling Handling increased load (users, data, transactions) Designing for elasticity in cloud-native environments Bottlenecks in monoliths or microservices 2. Performance Optimization Slow I\/O or database queries Memory leaks\u2026","rel":"","context":"In &quot;Architecture&quot;","block_context":{"text":"Architecture","link":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/category\/architecture\/"},"img":{"alt_text":"Image credits: www.Pixabay.com","src":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Architecture.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200","width":350,"height":200,"srcset":"https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Architecture.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=350%2C200 1x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Architecture.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=525%2C300 1.5x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Architecture.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=700%2C400 2x, https:\/\/i0.wp.com\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-content\/uploads\/2025\/06\/Architecture.jpg?fit=1200%2C800&ssl=1&resize=1050%2C600 3x"},"classes":[]}],"jetpack_likes_enabled":true,"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/2"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=979"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":981,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/979\/revisions\/981"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/980"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=979"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=979"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.techandtrain.com\/blog\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=979"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}